The article from LangChain's blog details five crucial patterns for evaluating "deep agents," which are complex, stateful AI applications. It highlights that traditional LLM evaluation methods are often insufficient due to agents' dynamic nature and the need for specific, context-dependent success criteria per test case. To overcome these limitations and ensure robust testing, the article outlines five crucial patterns. The first emphasizes bespoke, code-based test logic for each datapoint, allowing specific assertions against an agent's trajectory, final response, and internal state. Secondly, it advocates for single-step evaluations as an efficient way to validate immediate decision-making and tool calls, akin to unit tests. Thirdly, full agent turns are presented as essential for providing a comprehensive view of end-to-end actions, useful for evaluating overall trajectory, final responses, and generated artifacts. Fourthly, multi-turn evaluations simulate realistic user interactions but require conditional logic to manage agent deviations and ensure test consistency. Finally, the importance of clean, reproducible test environments and mocking external API requests is stressed to ensure reliable and efficient evaluations. The article positions LangSmith's testing integrations as a flexible framework to implement these patterns, offering practical guidance for AI developers.



